post colonial state in africa pdf

Res. Two Revolutions. New Left Review 61: 59-96. With industrialization would comeat least as promisednew prosperity; increased regional cooperation and integration; sound road, rail, sea, and air infrastructure to foster intra- and inter-regional trade and movement; a shift in skill acquisition; and overall development. Escape from Empire: The Developing Worlds Journey through Heaven and Hell. 5 0 obj They have included (1) residual legacies of colonial rule along with evolving international regimes enshrining democracy and human rights; (2) contending orthodoxies in the academy and in policy arenas concerning the nature of the state and its proper roles in development processes; and (3) African cultural norms, as they have endured and been reformulated in colonial and post-independence times, juxtaposed to increasingly pervasive liberalizing and secular mores of the West, notably with respect to gender and religion. Studies show that in Nigeria, people living in rural areas are more likely to experience vote-buying in organized elections (Sasu, 2022). The breakdown or absence of agency within these institutions gives rise to elite groups gaining traction and power to influence and shape outcomes for their benefit. Now, in theory, we have an educated population who can communicate and get along without cultural and language barriers. - 144.76.138.207. Some of this money is reinvested to provide aid and water; however a very small percentage is invested in education and the workforce. Crawford Young, The end of the post-colonial state in Africa? Political Settlements and the Governance of Growth-Enhancing Institutions. Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development. Growth Against Democracy: Savage Developmentalism in the Modern World. The state is to be 'rolled back', prices and markets deregulated, state enterprises privatised, and public sector spending cut[Carlsson 1983; CODESRIA 1985; Lawrence 1986;Havnevik1987]. Making ghosts perceptible: Literature and post-colonial - YaleNews Geneva: United Nations. World Population Projected to reach 9.8 billion in 2050 11.2 billion in 2100. Securitization as a causal mechanism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Development as Freedom. (2009). the Author has not transferred, and will not transfer, exclusive rights in the Work to any third party; the Work is not pending review or under consideration by another publisher; the Work has not previously been published; the Work contains no misrepresentation or infringement of the Work or property of other authors or third parties; and. Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Revised 7/16/2018. Many African youth that receive education almost always leave their homes. As will be discussed in-depth, they are a source of cheap labor for the rich living in neighboring urban areas. <>/Metadata 2 0 R/Outlines 5 0 R/Pages 3 0 R/StructTreeRoot 6 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> A magisterial, authoritative review of the evolution of half a century of post-independence politics, deeply influenced as they have been by colonial precedents. Akanle, O., and Adejare, G. S. (2017). Conflictology/nota bene, 3, 183189. 52 0 obj Available online at: https://mg.co.za/opinion/2022-03-16-failing-local-government-systems-alexandras-perpetual-affliction/?amp. Beyond this, the plight of slum dwellers has also been used as a bargaining chip to address existing political and socio-economic issues, for instance, in South Africa, the government through the constitution provides RDP houses to those considered as previously disadvantaged. Paris: OECD Publishing. Reframing Development Theory: Historical Capitalism as Uneven and Combined Process. Forthcoming in Theory & Society. Bayart, Jean-Francois. doi: 10.1080/23311886.2018.1487257, Chmutina, K., and Bosher, L. (2017). Google Scholar. In order to mitigate this issue, corporations and NGOs must invest in African professional labor, and moreover, make it worth Africas while. Asia and Africa Today, 12, 1520. Rethinking human security. The Politics of Land Reform in Africa: From Communal Tenure to Free Markets. World Economic Situation and Prospects. Opposition politicians and critics say its the most draconian law ever passed in post-colonial Zimbabwe. Figure 3. The Author shall grant to the Publisher and its agents the nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a. Attributionother users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site; The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Johannesburg: South African Cities Network. In Africa, South Africa's transport system can be deemed one of the functional systems in the region. For instance, money and food politics have been instruments for vote-buying in most parts of Africa. The Making of Contemporary Africa: The Development of African Society Since 1800. Africa in the World: Capitalism, Empire, Nation-State. While noting the importance of member state buy-in, other challenges emerge namely coordination problems, structural violence, competing external development agenda for Africa, and the challenges of policy implementation. The Devils Handwriting: Precoloniality and the German Colonial State in Qingdao, Samoa, and Southwest Africa. 84-201 in Confronting Historical Paradigms: Peasants, Labor, and the Capitalist World System in Africa and Latin America, edited by Frederick Cooper, Florencia E. Mallon, Steve J. Stern, Allen F. Isaacman and William Roseberry. China's investment in ports and port areas along the coastline from the Gulf of And through the Suez Canal towards the Mediterranean Sea; using its connectivity projects to link its industrial and energy projects in the hinterland of Africa to the infrastructure projects along the African coastline; the argument by China that the project serves local needs is undermined by the use of its State-owned Enterprises (SOEs) in developing infrastructure in Africa; China has been successful in building transnational projects in Africa only where there is either a deficit or vacuum in strong governance across countries; and has had little success working with third-partner countries on specific projects in Africa (Lokanathan, 2020). When on the society site, please use the credentials provided by that society. endobj London: The Macmillan Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77336-6_3, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77336-6_3, eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0). state so common in modern Africa. Thus, capitalizing on the benefits of rapid urbanization requires meticulous planning and implementation, synergy between human settlement policies at a regional and continental level if Africa is to achieve goal #11 of Agenda 2063. London: Penguin Books. 1990. Mail Guardian. doi: 10.1023/A:1006905214896. Source: Ritchie and Roser (2018). J. The next section builds on this narrative by discussing the trends and patterns of urbanization and human security in post-colonial Africa. Thus, a befitting answer to the question on what makes a problem worth securitizing is the political (and social) construction of the problem. doi: 10.1177/0967010611419000, Ho, U. In the past, a quality education was only attainable by the rich and powerful within these states. Urban Future. World Bank. Available online at: https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2022-03-12-operation-dudula-reaches-ekurhuleni-as-locals-target-illegal-immigrants/ (accessed 16 March, 2022). Failing Local Government Systems: Alexandra's Perpetual Affliction. Similar arguments have been used in scrutinizing the politics of development aid in Africa. In: Vasiliev, A.M., Degterev, D.A., Shaw, T.M. (Eds.). (1998). Share of urban population living in slums, 2018. Saul, John. http://www.oecd.org/els/mig/World-Migration-in-Figures.pdf. This investment can be used to bring cultures together and eliminate a lot of the impediments to growth. Anderson, Perry. Source: Scatter plot created by the author from The World Bank Data: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.SLUM.UR.ZS. Four editions of Africa in World Politics since 1991 (and a fifth forthcoming in 2013) edited by John Harbeson and the late Donald Rothchild (Harbeson and Rothchild 2013), have brought together leading students of these interrelationships. Thus, the issue of urban safety is perceived as intricate/inherent to the government's strategy on informal settlements. They called themselves the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad. The seven goals outlined under this aspiration include: a high standard of living, quality of life and wellbeing for all citizens; well educated citizens and skills revolution underpinned by Science, Technology and Innovation; Healthy and well-nourished citizens; transformed economies; modern agriculture for increased productivity and production; blue/ocean economy for accelerated economic growth; and environmentally sustainable and climate resilient economies and communities (African Union, 2021). World Bank. Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account. Oxford: Oxford University Press. The African Crisis: World-Systemic and Regional Aspects, New Left Review II/15: 24-31. Anseeuw, W.L., L. Wily, L. Cotula, and M. Taylor. 2000. Corp. Rev. Manji, Ambreena. Project Appraisal. Under the pretext of the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAPs), governments (mostly from the developing South) were required to pursue certain policies that prioritized and proliferated liberal principles such as free market economy, privatization of strategic national assets and institutions, and shift towards a market-driven (instead of state-driven) system (Abaza, 1996). As Gasper (2006, p. 228) argues, it includes normative claims that what matters is the content of individuals' lives, including a reasonable degree of stability. It prioritizes and securitizes human wellbeing by advocating that the basic requirements necessary for human existence and survival be provided. <> doi: 10.1080/13698249.2014.985876, Ritchie, H., and Roser, M. (2018). 47 0 obj 38 0 obj The final act of the Berlin African conference. Kramon, E. J. Don't already have a personal account? Delivery Performance. 2715 North Charles StreetBaltimore, Maryland, USA 21218. The division also manages membership services for more than 50 scholarly and professional associations and societies. Harbeson, John, and Donald Rothchild, eds. 1994. 58, 5585. Longman: London. But the serious erosion of the stateness of many African polities by the 1990s limited the scope for effective reform and opened the door for a complex web of novel civil conflicts; there was also a renewed saliency of informal politics, as local societies adapted to diminished state presence and service provision. Herein lies the need for formal institutions in tandem with informal institutions working to ensure that rules, regulations, law and order are maintained, and consequences adequately managed, while the said productive competition ensues. Planet of Slums. The Post-Colonial State in Africa: A Half-Century of Independence, 19602010. Kassaye Nigusie, V. M., Ponomarenko, L. V., & Savicheva, E. M. (2020). Industrial Convergence, Globalization, and the Persistence of the North-South Divide. Studies in International Comparative Development 38 (1): 3-31. The rapidly and profoundly changing contours of late-20th and early-21st-century world politics and the global economy have intertwined, at least until recently, with predominant weakness and political decay in African politics as well as endemic economic underdevelopment. <><>4 5]/P 6 0 R/Pg 52 0 R/S/Link>> February 1991 This paper discusses what cultural values should be imparted to Kenyan students in the postcolonial era. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways: Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. Mazrui, Ali. Mamdani, Mahmood. Underdevelopment and Dependency in Black Africa. Journal of Modern African Studies X: 503-24. Palgrave Macmillan. Rakotoarisoa, M., M. Lafrate, and M. Paschali. Where individual strategy is preferred, both hunters would go home with a hare (smaller portion of meat) or nothing at all (Eyita, 2014). Expand or collapse the "in this article" section, Postcolonial Sub-Saharan African Politics, The 1980s: Return to Development Orthodoxy, Post-Cold War Political Reform and Reconstruction, Democracy, the State, and Quests for Cultural Identity, Expand or collapse the "related articles" section, Expand or collapse the "forthcoming articles" section, Political Science and the Study of Africa, Weak, Corrupt, Unreconstructed Colonial States, Art, Art History, and the Study of Africa, British Colonial Rule in Sub-Saharan Africa, Communism, Marxist-Leninism, and Socialism in Africa, Development of Early Farming and Pastoralism, Early States And State Formation In Africa, Eastern Africa and the South Asian Diaspora, Great Lakes States of Eastern Africa, The, Health, Medicine, and the Study of Africa, Historiography and Methods of African History, Indian Ocean and Middle Eastern Slave Trades, Kongo and the Coastal States of West Central Africa.

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